Strategi Adaptif untuk Mempertahankan Tenaga Kerja di Era Society 5.0: Menghadapi Tantangan Cobot
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59837/jpnmb.v1i3.50Keywords:
Era society 5.0, Strategi Adaptif Mempertahankan Tenaga Kerja, CobotAbstract
Di era Society 5.0, kehadiran robot kolaboratif manusia (cobot) menjadi tantangan dinamika baru bagi tenaga kerja. Cobot dirancang untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas, namun dapat mengancam keberadaan pekerjaan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi strategi adaptif yang diperlukan untuk mempertahankan tenaga kerja terhadap integrasi robot kolaboratif (cobot) di tempat kerja, dengan fokus pada faktor-faktor seperti persepsi terhadap cobot, tingkat kesiapan pekerja, pengalaman pelatihan, budaya dan lingkungan kerja, serta dukungan manajerial. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan secara kualitatif melibatkan studi kasus di 5 perusahaan di wilayah Jabodetabek, dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap 3 pekerja dan 1 manajer di tiap perusahaan dalam rangka mengidentifikasi praktik terbaik dalam integrasi cobot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan manajerial yang kuat berkontribusi pada sikap positif pekerja terhadap cobot, menciptakan rasa aman dan keterlibatan. Budaya perusahaan yang kolaboratif juga mendorong adaptasi, sementara budaya yang hierarkis memicu resistensi. Tingkat kesiapan pekerja bervariasi; beberapa merasa percaya diri, sedangkan yang lain merasa kurang terampil dan membutuhkan pelatihan lebih. Responden menginginkan program pelatihan yang lebih praktis dan berkelanjutan, fokus pada keterampilan lintas fungsi. Saran yang diberikan mencakup perlunya komunikasi yang jelas dari manajemen, dukungan berkelanjutan, serta perbaikan dalam program pelatihan agar lebih relevan dengan kebutuhan pekerja. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi perusahaan dalam merencanakan strategi integrasi teknologi yang efektif dan responsif terhadap perubahan di tempat kerja.
References
Ananda . 2020. Strategic Human Resource Management: Formulating and Implementing HR Strategies for a Competitive Advantage. Strategi SDM.
Alfansyur, A., Mariyani. (2020). Seni Mengelola Data: Penerapan Triangulasi Teknik, Sumber Dan Waktu Pada Penelitian Pendidikan Sosial. HISTORIS : Jurnal Kajian, Penelitian & Pengembangan Pendidikan Sejarah: 5, 2, 146-150.
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S.. (2020) Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. Kogan Page Publishers. 15th Ed.
Ashok, Vajravelu., Yamunarani, Thanikachalam., Mohd, Helmy, Bin, Abd, Wahab., Muhammad, Mahadi, Abdul, Jamil., S., Sivaranjani. (2024). (1) Human-Machine Collaboration and Emotional Intelligence in Industry 5.0. Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series, doi: 10.4018/979-8-3693-6806-0.ch012
Busro, M. (2018). Teori- teori Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, Prenada Media.
Bughin J., Eric Hazan, Susan Lund, Peter Dahlström, Anna Wiesinger, and Amresh Subramaniam. (2018). Skill shift: Automation and the future of the workforce. McKinsey Global Institute.
S.V., Bulganina., Maria, P., Prokhorova., Tatyana, Lebedeva., Angelika, A., Shkunova., Mikhail, S., Mikhailov. (2021). (18) Digital skills as a response to the challenges of the modern society.
Cahyadiana, W. (2019). Sumber Daya Manusia Unggul Menyongsong Era Society 5.0. Conference: Seminar Nasional Pendidikan, Manajemen, dan Bisnis Menyongsong Era Society 5.0, Malang.
Elena, Malkawi., Marina, V., Khayrullina. (2021). (22) Digital human skills form the corporate economy and business development. doi: 10.26552/EMS.2021.1.64-74
Federica, Nenna., Davide, Zanardi., Egle, Maria, Orlando., Michele, Mingardi., Giulia, Buodo., Luciano, Gamberini. (2024). (2) Addressing Trust and Negative Attitudes Toward Robots in Human-Robot Collaborative Scenarios: Insights from the Industrial Work Setting. doi: 10.1145/3652037.3663905
Sani, I. T. (2023). PT Astra International Tbk.: Perencanaan dan Pengembangan SDM di Era Society 5.0 Studi Kasus Analisis dan Beban Kerja.
Irish, Mihajlović., Marino, Stanković., Cvijeta, Djevojić. (2023). (6) Digital Skills Towards Competitiveness of Human Resources Efficiency: Comparative Approach. Proceedings of the ENTRENOVA – Enterprise Research Innovation Conference, doi: 10.54820/entrenova-2023-0004
Jong-Han, Lim., Shiv, G, Patel., Alexander, Evans., John, Pimley., Yifei, Li., Ilya, Kovalenko. (2024). Enhancing Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly in Manufacturing Systems Using Large Language Models. doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2406.01915
Judith, Cortés., Sandra, García., Jhaneffer, Ortega., Anel, Torres., Mayra, Zamorán. (2019). Development of digital competencies for professional performance in university students. doi: 10.21125/EDULEARN.2019.1838
Khan, M.Y.H. (2018) Strategic Human Resource Practices and its Impact on Performance towards Achieving Organizational Goals. Business Ethics and Leadership
Kanchan, Patil., Mugdha, Shailendra, Kulkarni. (2024). Harmonising human and robotic workforces in Industry 5.0. doi: 10.1201/9781003489269-6
Komisi Eropa, https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/research-area/industrial-research-and-innovation/industry-50_e
Lavopa A., Delera, M. (2021) What is the Fourth Industrial Revolution? | Industrial Analytics Platform (unido.org).
Fauzi, Muharom., Muhammad, Farhan., Sukijan, Athoillah., Rozihan, Rozihan., Ahmad, Muflihin., Miftachul, Huda. (2024). Digital Technology Skills for Professional Development: Insights into Quality Instruction Performance. doi: 10.1007/978-981-97-0210-7_30
Hoang-Long, Cao., S., Elprama., Constantin, Scholz., Pim, L, Siahaya., Ilias, El, Makrini., An, Jacobs., Arash, Ajoudani., Bram, Vanderborght. (2024). (5) Designing interaction interface for supportive human-robot collaboration: A co-creation study involving factory employees. doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2024.110208
Pasaribu, M. & Widjaya, A. (2021). Strategi & Transformasi Digital. Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia (KPG). Jakarta
Patil, S., Vasu, V. & Srinadh, K.V.S. Advances and perspectives in collaborative robotics: a review of key technologies and emerging trends. Discov Mechanical Engineering 2, 13 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44245-023-00021-8.
Purwanto. (2022). Conference: Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pelita Bangsa Kontribusi Ilmu Teknik Dalam Menyokong Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Era Revolusi Industri 5.0
Rajkumar., Prabhakara, Rao, Kapula., V., Alekhya., Uma, M., Reddy., Ashish, Kumar., Akhmadbek, Yusupov. (2024). (5) Industry 5.0 Revolution. Advances in business information systems and analytics book series, doi: 10.4018/979-8-3693-3550-5.ch004
M., Saseekala., M., SarlinRaj., P., Anu. (2024). (1) Cobots. Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series, doi: 10.4018/979-8-3693-2794-4.ch014
Schwab, K.(2016) The Fourth Industrial Revolution. Crown Business.
Schwab K., Zahiidi, S. (2020). The Future of Jobs Report 2020 | World Economic Forum (weforum.org).
Salau, O., Worlu, R., Osibanjo, A., Adeniji, A., Falola, H., Olokundun, M., Ibidunni, S., Atolagbe, T., Dirisu, J., & Ogueyungbo, O. (2020). The Impact of Workplace Environments on Retention Outcomes of Public Universities in Southern Nigeria. Sage Open, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020930767
Subramaniam, S., Iyer, B,m Venkatraman, V. (2019). Competing in Digital Ecosystems. Business Horizons 62, 1, 83-94.
Sopiah, & Sangadji, E.M. (2018). Manajemen sumber daya manusia strategik.
Tahar, A. ., B. Setiadi, P. ., & Rahayu, S. . (2022). Strategi Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Menghadapi Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 Menuju Era Society 5.0. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 6(2), 12380–12394. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v6i2.4428
Terry, G., R., (2021). Dasar-dasar Manajemen Edisi Revisi. Bumi Aksara.
Timea, Juhász., Botond, Kálmán., Arnold, Tóth., Anna, Horvath. (2022). (2) Digital competence development in a few countries of the European Union. Management şi Marketing, doi: 10.2478/mmcks-2022-0010
Tgm, Van, Erp., Nubia, Gabriela, Pereira, Carvalho., Mateus, Cecílio, Gerolamo., Rui, Gonçalves., Niels, Gorm, Malý, Rytter., Bartlomiej, Gladysz. (2024). (7) Industry 5.0: A new strategy framework for sustainability management and beyond. Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142271
Usha, Prabhu., P., H., Reshma, Sultana., Vasudha, Srivatsa., R., Vennila., B., Manjunath. (2023). (9) Overview of Industry 5.0 on Emerging Technologies and Human and Robot Collaboration. Advances in business information systems and analytics book series, doi: 10.4018/979-8-3693-2193-5.ch015
Zorana, Štaka., Milica, Vuković., Vladimir, Vujovic. (2022). (13) The Role of Digital Competencies in the Process of Digital Transformation. doi: 10.1109/INFOTEH53737.2022.9751285
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Kristin Handayani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
